Leonid A. Levin: Difference between revisions

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Created page with "Title: Leonid A. Levin Main Research Question: How can the distortive effects of corporate, dividend, and capital gains taxes be eliminated while maintaining tax revenue? Methodology: The study proposes a new tax system called the Equity Tax. This system is designed to work exclusively for publicly held corporations. The main idea is to use the share prices to reflect the expected true annual return, as perceived by investors, not as defined by law. The system works b..."
 
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Title: Leonid A. Levin
Title: Leonid A. Levin


Main Research Question: How can the distortive effects of corporate, dividend, and capital gains taxes be eliminated while maintaining tax revenue?
Research Question: Can random instances of a graph coloring problem be hard on average?


Methodology: The study proposes a new tax system called the Equity Tax. This system is designed to work exclusively for publicly held corporations. The main idea is to use the share prices to reflect the expected true annual return, as perceived by investors, not as defined by law. The system works by having the corporations and their shareholders pay no income, dividend, or capital gain taxes. Instead, they give the IRS 2% of their stock per year, which is auctioned promptly.
Methodology: The researchers used a random graph problem and introduced randomizing reductions to show the intractability of random instances of a graph coloring problem.


Results: The study found that the Equity Tax system has several benefits. It eliminates the loopholes found in other tax systems, reducing the revenue-neutral tax rate. It also requires less regulation and leaves all business decisions tax-neutral. Furthermore, it enlarges the pre-tax profit since this is what the taxpayers maximize, not a different after-tax net.
Results: The researchers proved that the graph problem is hard on average unless all NP problems under all samplable distributions are easy. This poses significant technical difficulties.


Implications: The Equity Tax system could potentially revolutionize the way taxes are handled for corporations, dividends, and capital gains. It eliminates the distortive effects of other tax systems, making the tax process more efficient and less costly. However, it's important to note that the system may be too simple to be right, and it requires all capital gains to be realized, which could be costly and rare.
Implications: This work provides a strong hardness result related to "typical" or "average" instances of a problem, which is crucial for understanding the efficiency of algorithms and the P=NP question. It also shows that average case completeness of a random graph problem is unlikely without introducing randomizing reductions.


Link to Article: https://arxiv.org/abs/0012013v1
Link to Article: https://arxiv.org/abs/0112001v9
Authors:  
Authors:  
arXiv ID: 0012013v1
arXiv ID: 0112001v9


[[Category:Computer Science]]
[[Category:Computer Science]]
[[Category:Problem]]
[[Category:Graph]]
[[Category:Random]]
[[Category:Average]]
[[Category:Instances]]

Latest revision as of 03:43, 24 December 2023

Title: Leonid A. Levin

Research Question: Can random instances of a graph coloring problem be hard on average?

Methodology: The researchers used a random graph problem and introduced randomizing reductions to show the intractability of random instances of a graph coloring problem.

Results: The researchers proved that the graph problem is hard on average unless all NP problems under all samplable distributions are easy. This poses significant technical difficulties.

Implications: This work provides a strong hardness result related to "typical" or "average" instances of a problem, which is crucial for understanding the efficiency of algorithms and the P=NP question. It also shows that average case completeness of a random graph problem is unlikely without introducing randomizing reductions.

Link to Article: https://arxiv.org/abs/0112001v9 Authors: arXiv ID: 0112001v9

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