Quantum Multi-Prover Interactive Proof Systems and their Implications

Title: Quantum Multi-Prover Interactive Proof Systems and their Implications

Research Question: Can quantum multi-prover interactive proof systems, which allow multiple provers to collaborate and interact with a verifier, offer any advantages over classical systems?

Methodology: The researchers proposed a formal treatment of quantum multi-prover interactive proof systems, focusing on scenarios where provers do not share any prior entanglement. They used the NEXP class, which represents languages that can be verified by non-deterministic polynomial-time (NP) machines with access to an exponential amount of space, to analyze the power of these systems.

Results: The researchers proved that, in the absence of prior entanglement among provers, the class of languages that have quantum multi-prover interactive proof systems is equal to NEXP. This implies that quantum multi-prover interactive proof systems without prior entanglement have no advantage over classical systems.

Implications: This research provides important insights into the relationship between quantum and classical complexity classes. It shows that even in the quantum realm, the power of multi-prover interactive proof systems is limited, which has implications for the field of quantum computation and the potential applications of quantum computing.

Link to Article: https://arxiv.org/abs/0102013v4 Authors: arXiv ID: 0102013v4